Baseline rate of responding
1 Mar 2016 Depth of response (the maximum percentage decrease from baseline in the sum of diameters of target lesions) was also assessed as a post We continued baseline for at least five sessions and until the following stability criteria were met in each context: (a) the standard deviation of the response rates during baseline was no more than 50% of the mean rate of responding; (b) the experimenters determined responding to be steady via visual inspection, or the trend was opposite that of the treatment goal (i.e., an upward trend); and (c) no more than 20% of the baseline data points were in the range targeted for treatment during FCT. Proportion of baseline response rates in the rich component was greater than proportion of baseline response rates in the lean component both during extinction and renewal. The majority of subjects showed a higher proportion of baseline response rates in the first three sessions of extinction (4/7, 5/7 and 5/7, in sessions 1, Her baseline rates of requesting attention averaged 0.36 responses per minute (SD = 0.09). Implementation of the DRL schedule reduced responding to a mean of 0.04 responses per minute (SD = 0.02), and she never exceeded the specified limit of responses (0.1 per minute). Baseline response rates affect resistance to change. The effect of response rates on resistance to change, measured as resistance to extinction, was examined in two experiments. In Experiment 1, responding in transition from a variable-ratio schedule and its yoked-interval counterpart to extinction was compared with pigeons.
Rate of responding is About the same as FR, higher rate than interval schedules Example of VR Schedule Custodian—walks into a room, knows they are going to clean the room, however they don't know how much cleaning needs to be done, never quite sure, it's a gamble
The target behavior or measurable dimensional quantity of that behavior (rate,duration) *Behavior is dependent on the independent variable. Term . descending baseline. Demonstrating that the prior level of baseline responding would have remained unchanged had the independent variable not been introduced (+prediction,replication) Rate of reinforcement and session duration as determinants of within-session patterns of responding FRANCESK.McSWEENEY Washington State University, Pullman, Washington Rats pressed levers for Noyes pellets or keys for sweetened condensed milk reinforcers deliv ered by multiple schedules. Session length and baseline rates of reinforcement were 307 journal of the experimental analysis of behavior 2003, 79, 307–321 number 3(may) accuracy of discrimination, rate of responding, and resistance to change john a. nevin,jessica milo,amy l Rate of responding is About the same as FR, higher rate than interval schedules Example of VR Schedule Custodian—walks into a room, knows they are going to clean the room, however they don't know how much cleaning needs to be done, never quite sure, it's a gamble -The length of the interval for delivering the reinforcer should be tied to the baseline rate of the problem behavior: if the problem behavior occurs frequently, the DRO interval will be short; if the problem behavior occurs infrequently, the DRO interval will be longer. Differential Reinforcement of Low Rates of Responding (DRL) 191 Chapter 9 Responding skills Preamble he previous three chapters on attending, observing and listening, have focussed on effective ways of taking in information. This chapter discusses what to do with such information—how to respond to what has been seen and heard. We continued baseline for at least five sessions and until the following stability criteria were met in each context: (a) the standard deviation of the response rates during baseline was no more than 50% of the mean rate of responding; (b) the experimenters determined responding to be steady via visual inspection, or the trend was opposite that of the treatment goal (i.e., an upward trend); and (c) no more than 20% of the baseline data points were in the range targeted for treatment during FCT.
Session length and baseline rates of reinforcement were varied in two experiments. Rates of responding increased during the early part of the session and then decreased for both responses and reinforcers, as well as for all subjects and values of the independent variables. Changes in response rates across the session sometimes exceeded 500%.
1 Mar 2016 Depth of response (the maximum percentage decrease from baseline in the sum of diameters of target lesions) was also assessed as a post We continued baseline for at least five sessions and until the following stability criteria were met in each context: (a) the standard deviation of the response rates during baseline was no more than 50% of the mean rate of responding; (b) the experimenters determined responding to be steady via visual inspection, or the trend was opposite that of the treatment goal (i.e., an upward trend); and (c) no more than 20% of the baseline data points were in the range targeted for treatment during FCT. Proportion of baseline response rates in the rich component was greater than proportion of baseline response rates in the lean component both during extinction and renewal. The majority of subjects showed a higher proportion of baseline response rates in the first three sessions of extinction (4/7, 5/7 and 5/7, in sessions 1,
However, FT schedules were more effective in reducing response rates if the FT reinforcer rate was dissimilar to baseline reinforcer rates. Possible reasons for
“Rate dependency” posits that drug effects on rates of operant responding may be independent of the reinforcing stimulus and may instead be determined by baseline rates of behavior before drug administration (Sanger and Blackman, 1976). 191 Chapter 9 Responding skills Preamble he previous three chapters on attending, observing and listening, have focussed on effective ways of taking in information. This chapter discusses what to do with such information—how to respond to what has been seen and heard.
Horizonntal dotted line represents baseline rate of responding. Three features of the data in Fig. 1 are noteworthy. First, there was no systematic effect of reinforcement rate on the long-term persistence of Ext-key response rates. Response rates decreased faster on the Ext schedule concurrent with the VI 180 s schedule for Pigeon 970 and
25 Mar 2015 Factors and mechanisms affecting survey response rates. 802. 4. Data. 804. 5 The 2000 panel was the baseline survey for the panel study. Steady-state performance is a preferred baseline for analyzing the effects of and obtain a stable pattern of responding that represents the full effects of that 30 seconds, a rat may press a lever at approximately the same rate day after day. Variable Ratio Specifies a changing number of responses before reinforcement is offered. Interval. Reinforcement given after the first response emitted after a Ganglion cells are the first neurons in the retina that respond with action between this ganglion cell's activity (firing rate) and the visual stimulus image. 1 May 1999 Identify baseline fetal heart rate and presence of variability, both i.e., greater than 7.25, respond with an acceleration of the fetal heart rate Serum beta-HCG level was examined at baseline and 4 th responding to a single dose methotrexate. and multiple dose treatment with a success rate of.
We continued baseline for at least five sessions and until the following stability criteria were met in each context: (a) the standard deviation of the response rates during baseline was no more than 50% of the mean rate of responding; (b) the experimenters determined responding to be steady via visual inspection, or the trend was opposite that of the treatment goal (i.e., an upward trend); and (c) no more than 20% of the baseline data points were in the range targeted for treatment during FCT. Rate of reinforcement and session duration as determinants of within-session patterns of responding FRANCESK.McSWEENEY Washington State University, Pullman, Washington Rats pressed levers for Noyes pellets or keys for sweetened condensed milk reinforcers deliv ered by multiple schedules. Session length and baseline rates of reinforcement were Session length and baseline rates of reinforcement were varied in two experiments. Rates of responding increased during the early part of the session and then decreased for both responses and reinforcers, as well as for all subjects and values of the independent variables. Changes in response rates across the session sometimes exceeded 500%. Horizonntal dotted line represents baseline rate of responding. Three features of the data in Fig. 1 are noteworthy. First, there was no systematic effect of reinforcement rate on the long-term persistence of Ext-key response rates. Response rates decreased faster on the Ext schedule concurrent with the VI 180 s schedule for Pigeon 970 and Baseline data has two purposes (1) to show function and (2) to determine if an improvement has been made. Basically baseline data is going to tell you what road to take and it will also make sure you are continuously on the right track. No baseline data = no map. Accuracy of discrimination, rate of responding, and resistance to change Article (PDF Available) in Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior 79(3):307-21 · June 2003 with 65 Reads The first task in a reversal design is to measure the baseline rate of behavior, which describes the behavior in a normal situation before the intervention. The baseline period (referred to as phase A) is continued until the rate of the response becomes stable.